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Abiel Foster

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Abiel Foster
Etching of Abiel Foster by Max Rosenthal
Member of the 3rd Congress of the Confederation from New Hampshire
In office
July 29, 1783 – November 1, 1783
Member of the 4th Congress of the Confederation from New Hampshire
In office
November 3, 1783 – June 3, 1784
Member of the 5th Congress of the Confederation from New Hampshire
In office
November 1, 1784 – November 6, 1785
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas from New Hampshire (Rockingham County)
In office
1784–1788
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's at-large district (Seat 1)
In office
June 23, 1789 – March 3, 1791
Preceded by(none)
Succeeded byJeremiah Smith
Member of the New Hampshire Senate
In office
June 7, 1791 – January 16, 1795
President of the New Hampshire Senate
In office
June 9, 1794 – January 16, 1795
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's at-large district (Seat 4)
In office
March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1803
Preceded byPaine Wingate
Succeeded byDavid Hough[1]
Personal details
Born(1735-08-08)August 8, 1735
Andover, Province of Massachusetts Bay
DiedFebruary 6, 1806(1806-02-06) (aged 70)
Canterbury, New Hampshire, U.S.
Political partyFederalist
Spouse(s)Hannah Badger Foster
Mary Wise Rogers Foster
Children8
ResidenceCanterbury
Alma materHarvard University
Profession
Signature

Abiel Foster (August 8, 1735 – February 6, 1806) was an American clergyman and politician from Canterbury, Province of New Hampshire. He represented New Hampshire in the Continental Congress and the U.S. Congress.

Biography

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Foster was born in Andover, Massachusetts, in 1735, the son of Captain Asa Foster of Colonel Ebenezer Colonial Regiment[2][3] and Elizabeth Abbot. A relative of Jedediah Foster, a judge, American Revolutionary and Harvard Law graduate (1744), the first member of the Foster family in America to receive a "liberal education". Abiel Foster was inspired to follow in the footsteps of Jedediah and entered Harvard College, receiving a bachelor's degree in 1756. After studying in theology, he was ordained as a pastor in Canterbury, January 26, 1761, he married Hanna Badger in that year. He served as pastor in Canterbury until 1779. At that time Abiel Foster retired to private life but would not be long before he returned to public service. During his 18 years as Minister of Canterbury he built trust with the people and he was appointed to the General Court. During his life, Abiel Foster held "various offices of trust and honour with reputation to himself and usefulness to the community.[4]

Abiel Foster served in Congress under first President of the United States George Washington and 2nd President John Adams, while working with the Founding Fathers of the United States, to help build a functioning federal government.

While a member of the Continental Congress, Abiel Foster left an impression on a young Daniel Webster, after a meeting one summer afternoon. Webster's father, Ebenezer Webster told his son that he could have had Abiel Foster's place in the Congress if he had more votes. Ebenezer extolled the virtues of an education to his son, explaining that it was an education that made the difference between him and Foster. He said that "It is education that has made Foster what he is and the lack of it has made your father what he is".[5]

Abiel Foster's first wife Hanna died in 1768. His second wife, Mary Wise Rogers, was the granddaughter of John Rogers (Harvard); they had eight children.[6] Martha, who married Jeremiah Clough, Mary who married Henry Gerrish, Abiel Jr. who married Susanna Moore, Elizabeth who married Enoch Gerrish and Nancy who married John Greenough.[7]

Career

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In 1775, Foster was Deputy to the Provincial Congress at Exeter.[8] From 1783 to 1785, Foster was a delegate for New Hampshire to the Continental Congress.[9] Between 1784 and 1788, he was a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Rockingham County N.H.[10] On March 3, 1789, he became a member of the First United States Congress, under the first Constitution of the United States of America, as a Representative from New Hampshire until March 3, 1791. He returned to the New Hampshire Senate in 1791 and served there until 1794. He unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1792[11], but was successfully elected again in 1794, serving there from March 3, 1795, to March 3, 1803.[12]

On July 14, 1798, Foster voted in favor of the Alien and Sedition Acts.[13]

Death

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Foster died in Canterbury on February 6, 1806. He is interred at the Center Cemetery, Canterbury, New Hampshire.[14]

Memorial

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March 22, 1942, the California Shipbuilding Company launches its 16th Liberty type, 10,500-ton freighter, S.S. Abiel Foster.[15] The day before, the S.S. Benjamin Franklin, launched November 16, 1941, completed its test run. The S.S. Abiel Foster took part as a troop supply ship during World War II and contributed to the Invasion of Normandy.[16]

References

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  1. ^ "FOSTER, Abiel | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives".
  2. ^ Cutter, William Richard (2000). Genealogical and Personal Memoirs: Relating to the Families of Boston and Eastern Massachusetts. Genealogical Publishing Com. ISBN 978-0-8063-4549-9.
  3. ^ Anderson, Fred (2012-12-01). A People's Army: Massachusetts Soldiers and Society in the Seven Years' War. UNC Press Books. ISBN 978-0-8078-3828-0.
  4. ^ The New Hampshire Repository. Volumes 1-2, page 205
  5. ^ "Foster, Abiel, Another account of Abiel Foster by Daniel Webster". The Boston Globe. 1910-08-28. p. 66. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  6. ^ "Abiel Foster". Ancestry.com. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  7. ^ The New Hampshire Repository. Alfred Prescott. 1846.
  8. ^ "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details". bioguideretro.congress.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  9. ^ "Abiel Foster". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  10. ^ "FOSTER, Abiel | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  11. ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2024-12-25.
  12. ^ "Abiel Foster". Govtrack US Congress. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  13. ^ "Foster, Abiel, Sedation Act July 14, 1798". The Tennessean. March 7, 1842. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  14. ^ "Abiel Foster". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  15. ^ "U.S.S. Abiel Foster". The Atlanta Constitution. March 23, 1942. p. 2. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  16. ^ Stingley, Alisa (June 6, 1994). "D-Day: 50 years later". The Times. p. 1. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abiel Foster.
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
(none)
 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Hampshire's at-large congressional district
June 23, 1789 – March 3, 1791 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Hampshire's at-large congressional district
March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1803 		Succeeded by
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